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	<title>Peak &#8211; USA NEWS LIVE</title>
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		<title>Evidence of snowball soil present in ancient rocks at Pikes Peak in Colorado &#8211; it&#039;s a missing link</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/11/evidence-of-snowball-soil-present-in-ancient-rocks-at-pikes-peak-in-colorado-its-a-missing-link/</link>
					<comments>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/11/evidence-of-snowball-soil-present-in-ancient-rocks-at-pikes-peak-in-colorado-its-a-missing-link/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Nov 2024 05:21:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Technology]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/?p=19036</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[About 700 million years ago, the Earth cooled a lot that scientists consider that massive layers of ice enveloped the whole planet like an enormous snowball. This global deep freeze, referred to as snowball earthendured for Tens of hundreds of thousands of years. Yet miraculously youth not only sustained, but thrived. As the ice melted [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>
<div itemprop="articleBody">
<p>About 700 million years ago, the Earth cooled a lot that scientists consider that massive layers of ice enveloped the whole planet like an enormous snowball. This global deep freeze, <a href="https://web.gps.caltech.edu/%7Ejkirschvink/pdfs/firstsnowball.pdf">referred to as snowball earth</a>endured for <a href="https://www.snowballearth.org/cause.html">Tens of hundreds of thousands of years</a>.</p>
<p>Yet miraculously youth <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.2767">not only sustained, but thrived</a>. As the ice melted and the bottom thawed, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.2767">Complex multicellular life emerged</a>which eventually led to the life forms we all know today.</p>
<p>The <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Snowball-Earth-hypothesis">Snowball Earth Hypothesis</a> is essentially based on evidence from sedimentary rocks exposed in areas <a href="https://opengeology.org/historicalgeology/case-studies/snowball-earth/">were once along the coasts</a> and shallow seas as well <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/35013005">Climate modeling</a>. Physical evidence that ice sheets covered the inside of continents in warm equatorial regions had previously eluded scientists.</p>
<p>In <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2410759121">latest research</a> Published within the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, our team of geologists describe the missing link present in an unusual siliceous sandstone trapped within the granite that forms Pikes Peak in Colorado.</p>
<figure class="align-center ">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:64.72148541114059%;--background-color:#364563"><img decoding="async" alt="An illustration of an icy Earth viewed from space" class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=389&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=389&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=389&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=488&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=488&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=488&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">During the cryogenic period, the Earth froze over, but life continued on the planet.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/sustaining-aerobic-eukaryotes-on-snowball-earth/">NASA illustration</a></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<h2>Solve a snowball earth puzzle on a mountain</h2>
<p>Pikes Peak, <a href="https://www.historycolorado.org/story/2010/09/03/tava-kaavi-sun-mountain">originally called Tavá Kaa-vi</a> Founded by the Ute people, these remarkable rocks are given their ancestral name, Tava. They are <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.02.004">consisting of solidified sand injectites</a>which formed in a fashion just like a medical injection when sand-rich fluid was forced into underlying rock. </p>
<p>One possible explanation for the formation of those enigmatic sandstones is the big pressure of an overlying snowball-earth ice sheet, which pushes sediment mixed with meltwater into the weakened rock below.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:126.92307692307692%;--background-color:#ad7052"><img decoding="async" alt="A hand holds a stone with dark seams and other colors." class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=762&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=762&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=762&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=957&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=957&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=957&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">Dark red to purple bands of Tava sandstone cut through pink and white granite. The Tava can be traversed by silver-gray iron oxide veins.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Liam Courtney Davies</span></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<p>One obstacle to testing this concept, nonetheless, was the shortage of an age statement for the rocks that might indicate when the correct geological conditions existed for sand injection.</p>
<p>We found a approach to solve this mystery using iron veins found along the Tava injectites near Pikes Peak and elsewhere in Colorado.</p>
<figure class="align-right zoomable">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:133.33333333333331%;--background-color:#a5755b"><img decoding="async" alt="A cliff side showing a long strip of lighter colored tava cutting through the Pikes Peak granite. The injectite here is 5 meters high" class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=237&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=1005&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=1005&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=1005&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">In this section of the Pikes Peak Granite, a 5-meter-tall, nearly vertical Tava Granite is obvious.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Liam Courtney Davies</span></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<p>Iron minerals contain very small amounts of naturally occurring radioactive elements, including uranium, which evolve slowly <a href="https://timslab.princeton.edu/sites/g/files/toruqf2276/files/schoene-treatisegeochemistry-2014.pdf">decays into the element lead at a known rate</a>. Current advances in <a href="https://appliedspectra.com/technology/la-icp-ms.html">Laser-based radiometric dating</a> allowed us to measure the ratio of uranium to steer isotopes within the iron oxide mineral hematite and thus learn the way way back each crystal formed.</p>
<p>The iron veins appear to have formed each before and after the sand was injected into the Colorado bedrock: we found hematite and quartz veins cutting through each Tava dikes and intersected by Tava dikes. This allowed us to find out an age range for the sand injectites, which should have formed 690 to 660 million years ago.</p>
<h2>So what happened?</h2>
<p>The timeframe signifies that these sandstones were formed in the course of the Cryogenic period, 720 to 635 million years ago. The name is derived from “cold birth” in ancient Greek and is synonymous with climate change and the disruption of life on our planet – including Snowball Earth.</p>
<p>While the causes of the intense cold on the time are controversial, there are prevailing theories <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL072335%20%22%22i%20suggest%20this%20ref%20instead%20-%20same%20author%20and%20open%20access%20and%20more%20recent%20https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/elements/article/19/5/296/630643">Changes within the activity of tectonic plates</a>This includes the discharge of particles into the atmosphere that reflect sunlight away from the Earth. Finally, a <a href="https://doi.org/10.1130/G51669.1">Accumulation of carbon dioxide from volcanic outgassing</a> could have warmed the planet again.</p>
<figure>
<p><iframe title="How did the earth become a giant snowball?" width="1170" height="658" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PLZze4Yok98?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p><figcaption><span class="caption">Professor Timothy Lenton from the University of Exeter explains why the earth could freeze over.</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>The tava found on Pikes Peak is believed to have formed near the equator in the center of a volcano <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Laurentia">ancient continent called Laurentia</a>which steadily moved over time and over long tectonic cycles to its present northern position in North America.</p>
<p>The origin of the Tava rocks is controversial <a href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article/5/1/225/3673/Intrusive-Sandstone-Dikes-in-Granite">for over 125 years</a>but latest technology allowed us to conclusively link it to the cryogenic Snowball Earth period for the primary time.</p>
<p>The scenario we imagine for sand injection looks something like this: </p>
<p>An enormous ice sheet with areas of geothermal heating at its base produced meltwater that mixed with quartz-rich sediment below. The weight of the ice sheet created enormous pressures that pushed this sandy fluid into bedrock that had already been weakened over hundreds of thousands of years. Similar to today&#39;s fracking for natural gas or oil, the pressure cracked the rock and pushed the sandy meltwater in, eventually creating the injectites we see today.</p>
<h2>Clues to a different geological mystery</h2>
<p>Not only do the brand new findings further support the worldwide Snowball Earth hypothesis, however the presence of Tava injectites in weak, fractured rocks once overlain by ice sheets also provides clues to other geological phenomena.</p>
<p>Time gaps within the rock record brought on by erosion <a href="https://geology.utah.gov/map-pub/survey-notes/glad-you-asked/unconformity/#:%7E:text=Unconformities%2520are%2520a%2520type%2520of,the%2520deposition%2520of%2520sediments%2520anew">are known as discrepancies</a> can now be seen throughout the United States, most famously on the Grand Canyon, where in places over a billion years of time are missing. Unconformities occur when a sustained period of abrasion prevents the formation of newer rock layers, leaving an unconformable contact.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:75.06631299734748%;--background-color:#324359"><img decoding="async" alt="" class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=566&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=566&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=566&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">The unconformity within the Grand Canyon is obvious here, where horizontal layers of 500-million-year-old rock lie on top of a mass of 1,800-million-year-old rock. The discrepancy or “time gap” shows that years of history are missing.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Unconformity#/media/File:Great_Unconformity_Tapeats_Sandstone_over_Vishnu_Schist_from_Hopi_Point.jpg">Mike Norton via Wikimedia</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA</a></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<p>Our results show that a big unconformity should have formed near Pikes Peak prior to the cryogenic Snowball Earth. This contradicts hypotheses that attribute the formation of the Great Unconformity to this <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804350116">large-scale erosion</a> through snowball earth ice sheets themselves.</p>
<p>We hope that the secrets of those elusive cryogenic rocks in Colorado will result in the invention of additional terrestrial records of Snowball Earth. Such findings may help develop a clearer picture of our planet during climate extremes and the processes that led to the habitable planet we continue to exist today.</p>
</p></div>
<p><em>image credit : theconversation.com</em></p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<title>Some unusual rocks at Colorado&#039;s Pikes Peak show a missing connection to Snowball Earth&#039;s history</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/11/some-unusual-rocks-at-colorados-pikes-peak-show-a-missing-connection-to-snowball-earths-history/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Nov 2024 08:17:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Colorado39s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[connection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth39s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[missing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peak]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Rocks]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Snowball]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unusual]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/?p=18984</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[About 700 million years ago, the Earth cooled a lot that scientists imagine that vast layers of ice enveloped your entire planet like an enormous snowball. This global deep freeze, often called snowball earthendured for Tens of thousands and thousands of years. Yet miraculously adolescence not only sustained, but thrived. As the ice melted and [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>
<div itemprop="articleBody">
<p>About 700 million years ago, the Earth cooled a lot that scientists imagine that vast layers of ice enveloped your entire planet like an enormous snowball. This global deep freeze, <a href="https://web.gps.caltech.edu/%7Ejkirschvink/pdfs/firstsnowball.pdf">often called snowball earth</a>endured for <a href="https://www.snowballearth.org/cause.html">Tens of thousands and thousands of years</a>.</p>
<p>Yet miraculously adolescence <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.2767">not only sustained, but thrived</a>. As the ice melted and the bottom thawed, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.2767">Complex multicellular life emerged</a>which eventually led to the life forms we all know today.</p>
<p>The <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Snowball-Earth-hypothesis">Snowball Earth Hypothesis</a> is basically based on evidence from sedimentary rocks exposed in areas <a href="https://opengeology.org/historicalgeology/case-studies/snowball-earth/">were once along the coasts</a> and shallow seas as well <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/35013005">Climate modeling</a>. Physical evidence that ice sheets covered the inside of continents in warm equatorial regions had previously eluded scientists.</p>
<p>In <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2410759121">latest research</a> Published within the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, our team of geologists describe the missing link present in an unusual siliceous sandstone trapped within the granite that forms Pikes Peak in Colorado.</p>
<figure class="align-center ">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:64.72148541114059%;--background-color:#364563"><img decoding="async" alt="An illustration of an icy Earth viewed from space" class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=389&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=389&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=389&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=488&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=488&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629943/original/file-20241104-15-gzbyai.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=488&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">During the cryogenic period, the Earth froze over, but life continued on the planet.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/sustaining-aerobic-eukaryotes-on-snowball-earth/">NASA illustration</a></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<h2>Solve a snowball earth puzzle on a mountain</h2>
<p>Pikes Peak, <a href="https://www.historycolorado.org/story/2010/09/03/tava-kaavi-sun-mountain">originally called Tavá Kaa-vi</a> Founded by the Ute people, these remarkable rocks are given their ancestral name, Tava. They are <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.02.004">consisting of solidified sand injectites</a>which formed in a fashion just like a medical injection when sand-rich fluid was forced into underlying rock. </p>
<p>One possible explanation for the formation of those enigmatic sandstones is the big pressure of an overlying snowball-earth ice sheet, which pushes sediment mixed with meltwater into the weakened rock below.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:126.92307692307692%;--background-color:#ad7052"><img decoding="async" alt="A hand holds a stone with dark seams and other colors." class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=762&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=762&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=762&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=957&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=957&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629531/original/file-20241101-19-7dd5pk.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=957&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">Dark red to purple bands of Tava sandstone cut through pink and white granite. The Tava can also be traversed by silver-gray iron oxide veins.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Liam Courtney Davies</span></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<p>One obstacle to testing this concept, nonetheless, was the dearth of an age statement for the rocks that will indicate when the suitable geological conditions existed for sand injection.</p>
<p>We found a approach to solve this mystery using iron veins found along the Tava injectites near Pikes Peak and elsewhere in Colorado.</p>
<figure class="align-right zoomable">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:133.33333333333331%;--background-color:#a5755b"><img decoding="async" alt="A cliff side showing a long strip of lighter colored tava cutting through the Pikes Peak granite. The injectite here is 5 meters high" class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=237&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=800&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=1005&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=1005&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/629530/original/file-20241101-19-z59u3e.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=1005&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">In this section of the Pikes Peak Granite, a 5-meter-tall, nearly vertical Tava Granite is obvious.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><span class="source">Liam Courtney Davies</span></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<p>Iron minerals contain very small amounts of naturally occurring radioactive elements, including uranium, which evolve slowly <a href="https://timslab.princeton.edu/sites/g/files/toruqf2276/files/schoene-treatisegeochemistry-2014.pdf">decays into the element lead at a known rate</a>. Current advances in <a href="https://appliedspectra.com/technology/la-icp-ms.html">Laser-based radiometric dating</a> allowed us to measure the ratio of uranium to guide isotopes within the iron oxide mineral hematite and thus learn how way back each crystal formed.</p>
<p>The iron veins appear to have formed each before and after the sand was injected into the Colorado bedrock: we found hematite and quartz veins cutting through each Tava dikes and intersected by Tava dikes. This allowed us to find out an age range for the sand injectites, which will need to have formed 690 to 660 million years ago.</p>
<h2>So what happened?</h2>
<p>The time-frame implies that these sandstones were formed in the course of the Cryogenic period, 720 to 635 million years ago. The name is derived from “cold birth” in ancient Greek and is synonymous with climate change and the disruption of life on our planet – including Snowball Earth.</p>
<p>While the causes of the intense cold on the time are controversial, there are prevailing theories <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL072335%20%22%22i%20suggest%20this%20ref%20instead%20-%20same%20author%20and%20open%20access%20and%20more%20recent%20https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/elements/article/19/5/296/630643">Changes within the activity of tectonic plates</a>This includes the discharge of particles into the atmosphere that reflect sunlight away from the Earth. Finally, a <a href="https://doi.org/10.1130/G51669.1">Accumulation of carbon dioxide from volcanic outgassing</a> could have warmed the planet again.</p>
<figure>
<p><iframe title="How did the earth become a giant snowball?" width="1170" height="658" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PLZze4Yok98?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p><figcaption><span class="caption">Professor Timothy Lenton from the University of Exeter explains why the earth could freeze over.</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>The tava found on Pikes Peak is assumed to have formed near the equator in the guts of a volcano <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Laurentia">ancient continent called Laurentia</a>which step by step moved over time and over long tectonic cycles to its present northern position in North America.</p>
<p>The origin of the Tava rocks is controversial <a href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article/5/1/225/3673/Intrusive-Sandstone-Dikes-in-Granite">for over 125 years</a>but latest technology allowed us to conclusively link it to the cryogenic Snowball Earth period for the primary time.</p>
<p>The scenario we imagine for sand injection looks something like this: </p>
<p>An enormous ice sheet with areas of geothermal heating at its base produced meltwater that mixed with quartz-rich sediment below. The weight of the ice sheet created enormous pressures that pushed this sandy fluid into bedrock that had already been weakened over thousands and thousands of years. Similar to today&#39;s fracking for natural gas or oil, the pressure cracked the rock and pushed the sandy meltwater in, eventually creating the injectites we see today.</p>
<h2>Clues to a different geological mystery</h2>
<p>Not only do the brand new findings further support the worldwide Snowball Earth hypothesis, however the presence of Tava injectites in weak, fractured rocks once overlain by ice sheets also provides clues to other geological phenomena.</p>
<p>Time gaps within the rock record attributable to erosion <a href="https://geology.utah.gov/map-pub/survey-notes/glad-you-asked/unconformity/#:%7E:text=Unconformities%2520are%2520a%2520type%2520of,the%2520deposition%2520of%2520sediments%2520anew">are known as discrepancies</a> can now be seen throughout the United States, most famously on the Grand Canyon, where in places over a billion years of time are missing. Unconformities occur when a sustained period of abrasion prevents the formation of newer rock layers, leaving an unconformable contact.</p>
<figure class="align-center zoomable">
<div class="placeholder-container" style="--aspect-ratio-percent:75.06631299734748%;--background-color:#324359"><img decoding="async" alt="" class="lazyload" src="https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;fit=clip" srcset="https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 600w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1200w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=600&#038;h=450&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 1800w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=45&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=566&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=1 754w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=30&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=566&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=2 1508w, https://images.theconversation.com/files/628809/original/file-20241029-15-x0xers.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&#038;q=15&#038;auto=format&#038;w=754&#038;h=566&#038;fit=crop&#038;dpr=3 2262w" sizes="(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px"></div><figcaption>
              <span class="caption">The unconformity within the Grand Canyon is obvious here, where horizontal layers of 500-million-year-old rock lie on top of a mass of 1,800-million-year-old rock. The discrepancy or “time gap” shows that years of history are missing.</span><br />
              <span class="attribution"><a class="source" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Unconformity#/media/File:Great_Unconformity_Tapeats_Sandstone_over_Vishnu_Schist_from_Hopi_Point.jpg">Mike Norton via Wikimedia</a>, <a class="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA</a></span><br />
            </figcaption></figure>
<p>Our results reveal that a big unconformity will need to have formed near Pikes Peak prior to the cryogenic Snowball Earth. This contradicts hypotheses that attribute the formation of the Great Unconformity to this <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804350116">large-scale erosion</a> through snowball earth ice sheets themselves.</p>
<p>We hope that the secrets of those elusive cryogenic rocks in Colorado will result in the invention of additional terrestrial records of Snowball Earth. Such findings might help develop a clearer picture of our planet during climate extremes and the processes that led to the habitable planet we survive today.</p>
</p></div>
<p><em>image credit : theconversation.com</em></p>
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		<title>Walgreens says it&#8217;ll close 1,200 stores by 2027 as profit estimates peak</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/10/walgreens-says-itll-close-1200-stores-by-2027-as-profit-estimates-peak/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 15 Oct 2024 20:14:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Health]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Walgreens]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[Walgreens reported fiscal fourth-quarter revenue and adjusted profit on Tuesday that beat Wall Street&#39;s expectations as the corporate cut costs to emerge from the difficult situation. The retail drugstore chain also said it plans to shut about 1,200 stores over the subsequent three years, including 500 in fiscal 2025 alone. The company said these closures [&#8230;]]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p></p>
<div id="RegularArticle-ArticleBody-5" data-module="ArticleBody" data-test="articleBody-2" data-analytics="RegularArticle-articleBody-5-2"><span class="HighlightShare-hidden" style="top:0;left:0"></span></p>
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<p><span class="QuoteInBody-quoteNameContainer" data-test="QuoteInBody" id="RegularArticle-QuoteInBody-1">Walgreens<span class="QuoteInBody-inlineButton"><span class="AddToWatchlistButton-watchlistContainer" id="-WatchlistDropdown" data-analytics-id="-WatchlistDropdown"><button class="AddToWatchlistButton-watchlistButton" aria-label="Add To Watchlist" data-testid="dropdown-btn"><span class="AddToWatchlistButton-addWatchListFromTag"></span></button></span></span></span>    reported fiscal fourth-quarter revenue and adjusted profit on Tuesday that beat Wall Street&#39;s expectations as the corporate cut costs to emerge from the difficult situation.</p>
<p>The retail drugstore chain also said it plans to shut about 1,200 stores over the subsequent three years, including 500 in fiscal 2025 alone. The company said these closures would have an &#8220;immediate positive impact&#8221; on its adjusted earnings and free money flow.</p>
<p>Walgreens has <a href="https://www.walgreensbootsalliance.com/our-business/us-retail-pharmacy-segment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">around 8,700 locations</a> within the USA, 1 / 4 of which is unprofitable. </p>
<p>These closures will give Walgreens a &#8220;healthier store base&#8221; and &#8220;allow us to respond to changes in consumer behavior and purchasing preferences,&#8221; the corporate&#39;s CEO Tim Wentworth said during an earnings call on Tuesday. He added that Walgreens intends to maintain the vast majority of employees affected by the closures employed, even though it is unclear what number of employees could lose their jobs.</p>
<p>The company&#39;s shares closed greater than 15% higher on Tuesday. </p>
<p>The results cap a difficult 2024 fiscal yr for Walgreens, which is scuffling with pharmacy reimbursement pressures, weaker consumer spending and challenges related to its push into primary care, amongst other issues. The company said Tuesday that it exceeded its goal of $1 billion in cost savings in fiscal 2024. These included closing underperforming stores, shedding employees and using artificial intelligence to make the provision chain more efficient. </p>
<p>Most of the advantages of cost reductions were seen in the corporate&#39;s U.S. retail pharmacy segment, Walgreens CFO Manmohan Mahajan said through the call.</p>
<p>In June, Walgreens said it planned to shut a &#8220;significant&#8221; variety of its underperforming stores by 2027. Tuesday&#39;s announcement appears to be the corporate&#39;s first accurate estimate of what number of locations it&#8217;ll close.</p>
<p>Here&#39;s what Walgreens reported for the three-month period ended Aug. 31, in comparison with Wall Street&#39;s expectations based on an LSEG analyst survey:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Earnings per share:</strong> 39 cents adjusted versus 36 cents expected</li>
<li><strong>Revenue:</strong> $37.55 billion versus expected $35.76 billion</li>
</ul>
<p>Walgreens reported revenue of $37.55 billion within the quarter, up 6% from the identical period last yr. </p>
<p>The company reported a net lack of $3 billion, or $3.48 per share, for its fiscal fourth quarter. This reflects a so-called valuation allowance intended to cut back the corporate&#39;s deferred tax assets, primarily related to opioid settlements. </p>
<p>That compares with a net lack of $180 million, or 21 cents per share, within the year-ago period.</p>
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<p>Excluding certain items, adjusted earnings for the quarter were 39 cents per share. </p>
<p>Fourth-quarter and full-year results &#8220;reflect our disciplined execution of cost management, working capital initiatives and capital expenditure reductions,&#8221; Wentworth, who took the role nearly a yr ago, said in a news release.</p>
<p>The company&#39;s forecast for fiscal yr 2025 was in keeping with analysts&#39; expectations. Walgreens expects growth in its U.S. healthcare and international segments, offset by a decline in its retail pharmacy segment. </p>
<p>The company is in a &#8220;multi-year process of realigning our relationship&#8221; with pharmacy profit managers, who negotiate drug discounts on behalf of health plans and reimburse pharmacies for prescribed drugs, Wentworth said through the call. Walgreens hopes this may help improve margins in its pharmacy business. </p>
<p>Walgreens expects adjusted earnings per share of $1.40 to $1.80 for the approaching fiscal yr. According to LSEG, analysts forecast adjusted earnings of $1.75 per share. </p>
<p>The company also expects revenue of $147 billion to $151 billion for the yr. Wall Street analysts estimate sales at $147.3 billion. </p>
</div>
<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline0"></a>Growth in all three business areas</h2>
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<p>Walgreens reported growth across its three business units in its fiscal fourth quarter. </p>
<p>Sales at the corporate&#39;s U.S. healthcare division jumped to $2.11 billion, up 7.1% from the identical period last yr. </p>
<p>Analysts had expected sales of $2.10 billion, in accordance with StreetAccount estimates.</p>
<p>This reflects, partially, the expansion of primary care provider VillageMD and specialty pharmacy company Shields Health Solutions. Shields&#39; revenue rose 27.8% within the period, which the corporate attributed to growth in existing partnerships.</p>
<p>Specialty pharmacies are designed to produce medications with unique handling, storage and distribution requirements, often for patients with complex diseases reminiscent of cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.</p>
<p>Notably, Walgreens posted a big net loss in its fiscal second quarter as the corporate took a big charge of nearly $6 billion related to the decline in the worth of its investment in VillageMD. In August, the corporate said in a securities filing that it was considering selling the provider.</p>
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<p>Walgreens&#39; U.S. pharmacy segment generated revenue of $29.47 billion within the fiscal fourth quarter, up 6.5% from the identical period last yr. Analysts had expected sales of $28.09 billion, in accordance with StreetAccount estimates.</p>
<p>This segment operates the Company&#39;s drugstores, which sell prescription and over-the-counter medications, in addition to health and wellness, beauty, personal care and grocery products.  </p>
<p>Walgreens said pharmacy sales increased 9.6% and comparable pharmacy sales increased 11.7% within the quarter in comparison with the identical period last yr, due partially to cost inflation for brand-name drugs. </p>
<p>The total variety of prescriptions filled this quarter, including vaccines, was 302 million, up 1.7% from the identical period last yr. In particular, declining reimbursement rates for prescribed drugs reduced pharmacies&#39; margins, the corporate said. </p>
<p>Retail sales fell 3.5% in comparison with the identical quarter last yr, and comparable retail sales fell 1.7%. The company cited, amongst other things, a “challenging” retail environment. </p>
<p>Walgreens&#39; international unit, which operates greater than 3,000 retail stores abroad, reported sales of $5.97 billion in its fiscal fourth quarter. This is a rise of three.2% in comparison with the identical period last yr.</p>
<p>Analysts expected revenue of $5.81 billion for the period, in accordance with StreetAccount. </p>
<p>The company said sales at its UK-based drugstore chain Boots rose 2.3%. </p>
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		<title>Healthcare costs reached a post-pandemic peak. These steps during open enrollment could also be helpful</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/10/healthcare-costs-reached-a-post-pandemic-peak-these-steps-during-open-enrollment-could-also-be-helpful/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Oct 2024 20:11:20 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[costs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Enrollment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Healthcare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[helpful]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[open]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peak]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[postpandemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reached]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[steps]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/?p=17314</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Approximately 165 million Americans get their medical insurance through work, and yet most don&#39;t spend much time fascinated with what advantages their employer will offer and the way much they are going to cost. In fact, employees only spent about 45 minutes a yron average determine which profit options suit them best, a report from [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>Approximately 165 million Americans get their medical insurance through work, and yet most don&#39;t spend much time fascinated with what advantages their employer will offer and the way much they are going to cost.</p>
<p>In fact, employees only spent about <a href="https://www.aon.com/human-capital-consulting/thought-leadership/communication/article_enable_decisions" target="_blank" rel="noopener">45 minutes a yr</a>on average determine which profit options suit them best, a report from Aon found.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.shrm.org/topics-tools/news/benefits-compensation/open-enrollment-guide-resources" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Open Enrollment Season</a>which normally runs until early December, is a chance to take a more in-depth have a look at what it&#39;s all about.</p>
<p>And to start with, the prices increase significantly.</p>
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<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline0"></a>The costs are rising</h2>
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<p>The costs of healthcare have been rising steadily for years. There has been a big increase more recently.</p>
<p>For employers, these cost increases are reaching proportions <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-us/news/2024/09/healthcare-costs-at-a-post-pandemic-high-us-employers-prioritize-affordability-and-wellbeing" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Post-pandemic high</a>in response to WTW, a consulting firm formerly often known as Willis Towers Watson. U.S. employers expect their health care costs to rise 7.7% in 2025, in comparison with 6.9% in 2024 and 6.5% in 2023, the corporate said.</p>
<p>Because of upper costs, employers are considering recent ways to regulate their plan offerings, WTW noted.</p>
<p>To date, 52% of firms said they plan to implement programs to scale back overall costs, and just as many plan to shift to lower-cost providers and treatment locations, potentially leading to a narrower network of physicians to select from.</p>
<p>According to an expert services firm, employers currently subsidize a median of about 81% of the associated fee of medical insurance while employees pay the remainder <a href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/aon-us-employer-health-care-costs-projected-to-increase-9-percent-next-year-302223205.html#:~:tex%5B%E2%80%A6%5Dble.%22" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Aeon</a>.</p>
<p>However, among the higher costs are inevitably passed on to the workers.</p>
<p><strong>More from Personal Finance:</strong><br />Ozempic is driving up the associated fee of your healthcare<br />2.5% adjustment of social security advantages from 2025<br />“Fantastic time” to reconsider bonds as rates of interest fall</p>
<p>About a 3rd, or 34%, of employers expect to shift some costs to employees in the approaching yr through higher premiums or increasing copays for high-deductible health plans, the WTW report said.</p>
<p>Per-employee costs are expected to extend by a median of 5.8% in 2025, which might mark the third consecutive yr of rising health care costs <a href="https://www.mercer.com/en-us/about/newsroom/employers-expect-third-consecutive-year-of-health-benefit-cost-increases-above-5-percent-in-2025/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">over 5%</a>after a decade with a median of just around 3%, in response to a separate report from consulting firm Mercer. </p>
<p>“These are changes that employees will feel,” said Beth Umland, research director for health and human services at Mercer.</p>
<p>Health care costs are already high for employees: Family premiums for employer-sponsored medical insurance rose 7% this yr to a median of $25,572. <a href="https://www.kff.org/health-costs/report/2024-employer-health-benefits-survey" target="_blank" rel="noopener">KFF&#39;s 2024 Employer Health Benchmark Survey</a> found. More than $6,200 of that quantity is the responsibility of employees, while the remainder is borne by employers.</p>
<p>“As cost increases peak post-pandemic, companies are concerned about the burden they are placing on their workforce, particularly as it impacts insurance coverage and care decisions,” said Tim Stawicki, chief actuary for health and advantages at WTW, in a press release.</p>
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<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline1"></a>Consider your healthcare expenses</h2>
<div class="group">
<p>Employees are sometimes presented with options for selecting a medical insurance plan: one with a better monthly cost, called a premium, and a lower deductible, which is the quantity you will need to pay before your employer&#39;s plan takes effect, and an alternative choice with a better one Out-of-pocket costs, but lower premiums.</p>
<p>“When you go through open enrollment, the first thing you see is usually the deductible and out-of-pocket costs,” said Regina Ihrke, WTW North America director of health, equity and well-being.</p>
<p>When weighing options, look to previous years, says Gary Kushner, chairman and president of Kushner &#038; Company, a advantages design and administration firm.</p>
<p>He said it&#8217;s best to think, “Am I a low, medium or high family? Did I have an incident that required acute care or basically a lot of preventative care?”</p>
<p>If you normally only go to the doctor annually for a check-up, you possibly can go for the so-called high deductible plan with the lower monthly costs. </p>
</div>
<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline2"></a>Health Savings Accounts</h2>
<div class="group">
<p>In addition to high-deductible medical insurance, greater than 50% of employers also offer one <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-us/insights/2024/10/unlock-the-power-of-hsas-5-smart-strategies-for-health-and-wealth" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Health Savings Account</a>or HSA, which may help cover additional healthcare costs.</p>
<p>To use an HSA, you will need to have an eligible high-deductible medical insurance plan. The IRS defines a &#8220;high deductible&#8221; as at the least $1,650 for self-only plans or $3,300 for family coverage for 2025.</p>
<p>The IRS also sets the utmost allowable contribution annually: the brand new one <a href="https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/rp-24-25.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">HSA contribution limit</a> for 2025 the quantity is $4,300 for people, up from $4,150 in 2024, and $8,550 for families, up from $8,300 in 2024. Employees aged 55 and over could make an extra catch-up contribution of $1,000. Contribute dollars in excess of the annual IRS limits.</p>
<p>The HSA contributions then grow tax-free and the funds can cover out-of-pocket costs, including doctor&#39;s visits and prescription medications, including expensive weight-loss medications.</p>
<p>As costs proceed to rise, HSAs are a vital safety net for coping with these out-of-pocket costs, WTW&#39;s Ihrke said. Unused funds may be rolled over from yr to yr.</p>
<p>“Make sure you think about how you can put some money into the savings account so you can use it to pay a medical bill or save it for years to come,” Ihrke explained.</p>
</div>
<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline3"></a>Life and disability insurance</h2>
<div class="group">
<p>With open enrollment, employees may additionally be offered various disability and life insurance options, often included in a normal advantages package.</p>
<p>Employer-issued life insurance policies typically cover an annual salary. You can take out additional life insurance through your employer. This is named supplemental life insurance or voluntary life insurance and is optional coverage which you could add to your employer&#39;s basic group policy.</p>
<p>There are principally two kinds of occupational disability insurance: Short-term disability normally replaces 60 to 70% of your basic salary and the premiums are sometimes covered by your employer. Long-term disability, which generally occurs after three to 6 months, typically replaces 40 to 60% of your income.</p>
<p>Even if you&#8217;ve got these policies for work, it could only be a fraction of what it is advisable to protect babies or other dependents.</p>
<p>Think about what amount is true for you and your loved ones, then consider whether you ought to take out additional insurance or additional insurance through your group plan at work, or take out your individual policy, which many advisors recommend.</p>
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<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline4"></a>Benefit from voluntary services</h2>
<div class="group">
<p>Additional advantages could also be optional, but they are only as vital today, especially relating to well-being. According to a recent report by , nearly one in five open enrollment employees report worsening mental health <a href="https://www.ajg.com/us/insights-and-opportunities-from-the-2024-wellbeing-and-voluntary-benefits-survey/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Gallagher</a>.</p>
<p>“Now more than ever, we are seeing employers wanting to address the evolving needs of their workforce,” said Tom Kelly, head of Gallagher’s health and advantages practice, and “today’s workforce is looking for more holistic support for their well-being.”</p>
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		<title>“Life on the Streets” laid the muse for Peak TV – and is now finally available to stream for brand spanking new and old fans of the series</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/08/life-on-the-streets-laid-the-muse-for-peak-tv-and-is-now-finally-available-to-stream-for-brand-spanking-new-and-old-fans-of-the-series/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 31 Aug 2024 00:37:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Arts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Finally]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[foundation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[laid]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Peak]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/?p=13445</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[When &#8220;Murder: Life on the Street“ premiered on NBC in 1993, most police dramas on network television were formulaic, cleanly shot, and had a transparent line between good and evil. Homicide was different. There were cops, but you couldn&#39;t all the time tell in the event that they were the great guys or the bad [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>When &#8220;<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0106028/">Murder: Life on the Street</a>“ premiered on NBC in 1993, most police dramas on network television were formulaic, cleanly shot, and had a transparent line between good and evil. </p>
<p>Homicide was different. There were cops, but you couldn&#39;t all the time tell in the event that they were the great guys or the bad guys; the writers played with traditional episodic formats; and the scenes were shot on location with handheld cameras to offer the show a sensible feel.  </p>
<p><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/11/arts/television/homicide-life-on-the-street.html">While television fans have long revered the series as a classic</a>few viewers looked as if it would notice or care through the series’ first broadcast. “Homicide” suffered from <a href="https://www.polygon.com/tv/443684/homicide-life-on-the-street-best-show-on-peacock">low rankings, interference from network executives at NBC and the constant threat of cancellation</a>.</p>
<p>Now finally available to stream on Peacock, Homicide&#39;s groundbreaking visual effects and daring script set the template for twenty first century television, a golden era of programming sometimes known as <a href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Platinum_Age_of_Television/Ha9QCwAAQBAJ?hl=en">Platinum TV</a> or <a href="https://variety.com/2015/tv/news/tca-fx-networks-john-landgraf-wall-street-1201559191/">Top television</a>.</p>
<h2>Up close and private</h2>
<p><a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001921/">Paul Attanasio</a> created “Homicide” and based the series on David Simon’s 1991 book, “<a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Homicide.html?id=N8LS0b0_bvUC">Murder: A year on the streets of death</a>.” Simon, then an area reporter for The Baltimore Sun, wrote the book about his experiences within the Baltimore Police Department’s homicide squad. </p>
<p>But it was executive producer <a href="https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/interviews/barry-levinson">Barry Levinson</a> who designed the show&#39;s haunting style. </p>
<p>Born in Baltimore, Levinson desired to capture town in all its raw glory, with shots full of cigarette smoke, crumbling row houses and the smallest details of law enforcement officials&#39; each day lives.</p>
<p>He did this by photographing on 16 mm film, which <a href="https://festival.idfa.nl/en/section/2d577533-3b56-4ab9-8032-f85a8ccb332e/Focus:-16-Worlds-on-16/">a favourite of documentary filmmakers</a>. When developed, the film&#39;s natural grain and imperfections are preserved. Editors then added jump cuts to offer the show, <a href="https://www.vulture.com/article/tom-fontana-homicide-life-on-the-street-streaming-reboot-interview.html">within the words of showrunner Tom Fontana</a>“an energy and a surprise.” </p>
<p>At the identical time, the authors avoided spectacular chases and as a substitute handled the thankless and morally questionable points of police work, which may result in cynicism among the many law enforcement officials themselves and towards the occupation as an entire.</p>
<p>Scenes were often filmed multiple times, from different angles and with different focuses. Many of them featured extreme close-ups to force the audience to think in regards to the psyche of the law enforcement officials or the criminals, an approach that gave the series a <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262630580/cinema-verite-in-america/">Cinema Verite</a>or documentary feeling.</p>
<figure>
<p><iframe title="Homicide Life on the Street: The Box" width="1170" height="658" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3DH4FdxKCNg?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe></p><figcaption><span class="caption">The audience gets an impression of what it&#8217;s prefer to be within the “box”.</span></figcaption></figure>
<p>Take the Box, for instance. The windowless room where law enforcement officials disguise and interrogate suspects appears in several episodes, and the filmmakers were keen to create the claustrophobic atmosphere and look of an actual interrogation room.</p>
<p>In fact, probably the most famous episodes of the show, “<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0604440/">Three men and Adena</a>&#8220;, which revolves across the investigation into the rape and murder of eleven-year-old Adena Watson, takes place almost entirely within the box.</p>
<h2>A brand new type of police thriller</h2>
<p>Combined with its unique visual style, Homicide structured its episodes to higher reflect the rhythm of actual police work. </p>
<p><a href="https://mcfarlandbooks.com/product/cop-shows/">Most police series follow the same pattern</a>: During the cold open, a murder is uncovered. At the top of the episode, the murderer is caught. </p>
<p>But that’s not how crime works – and that was also true of “Homicide.” </p>
<p>In the series, crimes may appear originally of an episode, in the center, at the top, or by no means. Murder investigations may span a single episode or, as a precursor to serialization, multiple episodes.</p>
<p>An episode from season six, “<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0604435/">The subway</a>” begins with a person being pushed off a train platform. He is trapped between a Baltimore Metro train and the platform, his spine severed. He has about an hour to live, and homicide detectives have an episode to determine who pushed him and why. </p>
<p>On the opposite hand, several episodes of the primary season investigated the rape and murder of Adena Watson. As the season progressed, the police got closer and closer to her attacker, but without finding the essential evidence to convict him.</p>
<p>Like the box, “<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ77ikjCnBFsVMRjk3f4v-Rhv6nFlAVKQ3LUhQlU9U452gha42ivUIEmRcoFx5IzA7UY29n2ti6UnCizILNmkEj3ECddZ21xXxN-gfCNSspA8VG7sa8R8O2F6Xv5j05A7n4nn2hYaoQciA/s640/blogger-image--1240006247.jpg">the board</a>&#8220;&#8221; was a recurring catchphrase. On a white board behind the precinct, cases were listed in sequence, with cases written in black being considered &#8220;closed&#8221; while cases written in red were considered &#8220;open.&#8221; Since murder investigations may very well be several episodes long, the board was a way for each the cops and viewers to maintain track of open and closed cases. </p>
<p>Not all cases were modified from black to red at the top of the episode; in reality, murders were often never solved.</p>
<p>This had the effect of pushing back the finality of the 60-minute television episode, while at the identical time highlighting the futility of police work. Two a long time later:<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0407362/">Battlestar Galactica</a>” would use the same counting system, <a href="https://64.media.tumblr.com/e062e31065db06da804a4f61c0fd49c4/tumblr_nt4sx17uKQ1uxn13so1_1280.jpg">with the number on this white board</a> represents the number of individuals still alive when robots tried to wipe out humanity. </p>
<h2>Death and Resurrection</h2>
<p>“Homicide” was canceled in 1999 <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/14/movies/homicide-is-canceled-nbc-cites-economics.html">because of low rankings</a>. Nonetheless, it served as a launching pad for the solid and crew and the prestige shows that grace television screens today.</p>
<p>His shooting star, <a href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0105672/">André Braugher</a>who later played the favored role of Raymond Holt in “<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2467372/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_2_nm_6_in_0_q_brookly">Brooklyn Nine-Nine</a>played an excellent detective combating his faith and determination. The series also starred Richard Belzer, who would later have an extended role in Law &#038; Order: SVU. Even Robin Williams and a young Jake Gyllenhaal appeared together. <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0604349/">in the identical sequence</a>.</p>
<p>“Homicide” was the spiritual predecessor of prestigious television series corresponding to “<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0141842/">The Sopranos</a>”, “<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0286486/">The shield</a>&#8221; And &#8220;<a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0903747/">breaking Bad</a>.” Members of the solid and production team of the series later created “The Wire,” which many critics considered <a href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2006/09/the-wire-the-best-tv-show-ever-broadcast-on-american-television.html">the best television series of all time</a>.</p>
<p><a href="https://deadline.com/2024/06/homicide-life-on-the-streets-streaming-nbc-music-rights-1235977582/">Due to conflicts over music rights</a> and the high costs of adapting the show in HD and 4K resolution, “Homicide” entered purgatory within the age of streaming, whilst successful series from the Nineties <a href="https://www.timeout.com/film/best-90s-tv-shows">has found a brand new home on various platforms</a>Memories of the series faded, overshadowed by the sequel “The Wire”. </p>
<p>With all 122 episodes and the TV movie on their approach to Peacock, the show can finally be introduced to a brand new generation of viewers.</p>
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<p><em>image credit : theconversation.com</em></p>
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		<title>Summer is peak season for flight delays. What travelers must know</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/08/summer-is-peak-season-for-flight-delays-what-travelers-must-know/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 06 Aug 2024 03:12:53 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[delays]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flight]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peak]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[season]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[summer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travelers]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/?p=11105</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The summer travel season is in full swing and sometimes brings with it further flight delays and cancellations. But depending on the basis cause and the airline&#39;s specific policies, travelers could also be out of luck in relation to reimbursement for such disruptions, experts say. &#8220;In the U.S., airlines generally don&#39;t really have an obligation [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<div id="RegularArticle-ArticleBody-5" data-module="ArticleBody" data-test="articleBody-2" data-analytics="RegularArticle-articleBody-5-2"><span class="HighlightShare-hidden" style="top:0;left:0"></span></p>
<div class="group">
<p>The summer travel season is in full swing and sometimes brings with it further flight delays and cancellations.</p>
<p>But depending on the basis cause and the airline&#39;s specific policies, travelers could also be out of luck in relation to reimbursement for such disruptions, experts say.</p>
<p>&#8220;In the U.S., airlines generally don&#39;t really have an obligation to pay you anything at any point,&#8221; says Eric Napoli, general counsel at AirHelp, which helps passengers claim compensation for delayed or canceled flights.</p>
</div>
<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline0"></a>“Peak season” for flight delays and cancellations</h2>
<div class="group">
<p>Mid-June to the top of August is normally the height season for flight cancellations, said Napoli.</p>
<p>&#8220;This summer we will see more aircraft in the sky, frequent bad weather and increased use of U.S. airspace,&#8221; says an announcement from the Federal Aviation Administration. <a href="https://www.faa.gov/summer-travel" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Website</a> on summer trips.</p>
<p>According to FAA data through July 21, bad weather has up to now accounted for 66% of all minutes of flight delays. In 2023, the share can be about 72% during this era.</p>
<p>This data probably also includes the worldwide IT outage on July 19, which brought 1000&#8217;s of flights to a standstill.</p>
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<p>According to the FAA, one other 15 percent of delays this 12 months were resulting from “volume.”</p>
<p>Summer generally brings “higher passenger and flight volumes” as school is out and “millions of Americans” are on vacation, Hayley Berg, senior economist at Hopper, recently wrote in a <a href="https://media.hopper.com/research/summer-2024-travel-disruption-outlook" target="_blank" rel="noopener">evaluation</a> of travel interruptions.</p>
<p>According to the FAA, 8 of the ten busiest travel days of 2024 were in June, July and August <a href="https://www.faa.gov/summer-travel" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data</a> As of Sunday.</p>
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<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline1"></a>What to expect from airlines</h2>
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<p>In general, airlines have an overriding duty in relation to compensating passengers: If they cancel a flight or make a &#8220;significant change&#8221; to it, they&#8217;re obliged to refund the ticket price and charges &#8211; no matter the explanation, in accordance with the US Department of Transportation.</p>
<p>Consumers will only be entitled to a refund in the event that they don&#8217;t accept another option offered by the airline, equivalent to rebooking on one other flight, the Department of Transport said.</p>
<p>This obligation also applies to those that have purchased non-refundable tickets.</p>
<p>One essential caveat, nevertheless: The Department of Transportation doesn&#8217;t currently define what constitutes a &#8220;significant&#8221; change. That determination relies on aspects equivalent to the length of the delay and flight, in addition to special circumstances, the agency said.</p>
<p>Starting October 28, airlines may have to issue refunds to their customers &#8220;immediately&#8221; and robotically, in accordance with a recent rule issued by the Biden administration. A delay of three hours for domestic flights and 6 hours for international flights is taken into account a &#8220;significant&#8221; change.</p>
<p><strong>More from Personal Finance:</strong><br />Rent a automobile for a road trip or drive yourself?<br />What Taylor Swift&#39;s The Eras Tour says about &#8220;passion tourism&#8221;<br />5 ways to profit from your vacation days</p>
<p>In general, airline compensation policies vary for delays and cancellations.</p>
<p>A dashboard from the Ministry of Transport<a href="https://www.transportation.gov/airconsumer/airline-cancellation-delay-dashboard" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> outlines the guarantees of the main airlines</a> for purchasers within the event of cancellations or delays of greater than three hours. (These airlines include: Alaska, Allegiant, American, Delta, Frontier, Hawaiian, JetBlue, Southwest, Spirit and United.)</p>
<p>The airlines are obliged to maintain these guarantees, the agency said.</p>
<p>For example, all airlines comply with rebook passengers on the identical airline freed from charge and to supply a free meal if a cancellation means they need to wait at the very least three hours for a brand new flight. Most offer overnight hotel accommodation for delays, but none offer financial compensation for delays of three hours or more.</p>
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<p>Importantly, these compensation policies only apply to &#8220;controllable&#8221; delays and cancellations, i.e. those attributable to the airline&#39;s operations. The same obligations may not apply to situations outside its control, equivalent to bad weather.</p>
<p>For example, the spate of delays and cancellations related to last month&#39;s global IT outage was classified as a &#8220;controllable&#8221; event. A failed technical update from cybersecurity firm CrowdStrike affected Microsoft services utilized by several airlines.</p>
<p>Depending on international regulations, passengers on international flights could have more rights, experts say.</p>
<p>For example, passengers flying to and from Europe generally have <a href="https://www.airhelp.com/en/ec261/european-passenger-rights/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">more rights</a> to compensation under European Union law, in accordance with AirHelp.</p>
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<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline2"></a>Tips for passengers</h2>
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<p>Experts recommend some ways to reduce the likelihood of a flight disruption and higher cope with delays or cancellations in the event that they occur:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Book the primary flight of the day.</strong> According to Berg, flights departing after 9 a.m. are twice as prone to be delayed as flights scheduled between 5 a.m. and eight a.m.</li>
<li><strong>Avoid connecting flights to scale back the likelihood of disruption. </strong>This isn&#39;t at all times possible, depending on aspects equivalent to ticket price, airport and destination. If you might have a connecting flight, make sure to allow loads of time for a layover, Napoli said. Travelers should allow at the very least 45 minutes for domestic flights and 90 minutes for international flights, Berg said.</li>
<li><strong>Build in a buffer day.</strong> Leave some “wiggle room” at your destination so that you simply don’t miss any “big” events or plans within the event of a delay or cancellation, advises Berg.</li>
<li><strong>Fly on days with less traffic</strong>. Weekdays like Tuesday or Wednesday are inclined to have less air traffic, Napoli said. Travelers are less prone to experience certain delays and have more available seats in the event that they must rebook. Tickets also are inclined to be cheaper on those days.</li>
<li><strong>Pack cleverly.</strong> Those carrying carry-on luggage or personal items should pack strategically in case of a delay or cancellation, Napoli said. For example, it could be a superb idea to have a change of garments, snacks, electronic devices, valuables and a toothbrush available in case checked luggage is unavailable, he said.</li>
<li><strong>Multitasking while waiting.</strong> In the event of a delay or cancellation, use your time correctly, experts advise. &#8220;Walk in line to speak to an airline representative while simultaneously calling the customer support center,&#8221; advises Berg. This way, you increase your probabilities of talking to a representative more quickly when multiple passengers are attempting to get through at the identical time.</li>
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<p><em>image credit : www.cnbc.com</em></p>
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		<title>Heatwave expected to peak on Wednesday</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/06/heatwave-expected-to-peak-on-wednesday/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Jun 2024 19:08:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[expected]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Heatwave]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peak]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wednesday]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[A Wednesday afternoon that was expected to feel the identical because the previous 24 hours prolonged its power somewhat further. The National Weather Service said it was the worst day of a temporary heat wave within the Bay Area. A heat warning already in effect for the East Bay Hills and Interior, the Santa Clara [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>A Wednesday afternoon that was expected to feel the identical because the previous 24 hours prolonged its power somewhat further. The National Weather Service said it was the worst day of a temporary heat wave within the Bay Area.</p>
<p>A heat warning already in effect for the East Bay Hills and Interior, the Santa Clara Valley and eastern Santa Clara Hills, the San Benito Mountains and southern Salinas Valley and the Monterey Interior has been expanded to incorporate the Santa Cruz Mountains. The warning will remain in effect through the top of Thursday.</p>
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<p>&#8220;That&#39;s really the only thing that&#39;s different from (Tuesday),&#8221; said NWS meteorologist Dalton Behringer. &#8220;The temperatures and the general conditions at the beach and the warm temperatures overnight are all about the same.&#8221;</p>
<p>Beach hazards also remained along the Bay Area and Big Sur coasts, but not along the Santa Cruz coast, and waves between 8 and 15 feet (2.5 to 4.5 meters) were expected.</p>
<p>Behringer said meteorologists are confident the warmth wave peaked on Wednesday. A small ridge of high pressure that has built up right into a small bubble will now begin to depart the world and get replaced by barely lower pressure from the opposite side.</p>
<p>What they didn&#8217;t expect was that the thermometer could be so hot on Tuesday: 99 degrees in Concord, 98 degrees at Altamont Pass, 95 degrees in Livermore, 89 degrees in San Jose, 88 degrees in Oakland and 83 degrees in Hayward. All of those values ​​were amongst the very best <a href="https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2024/06/05/the-top-10-hottest-spots-in-the-bay-area/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The 10 hottest places</a> within the region.</p>
<p>As of Thursday afternoon, the temperature in Livermore was 94 degrees and was expected to achieve 100 degrees. In Concord, the temperature was 92 degrees and was also expected to achieve 100 degrees. In San Jose, the temperature was 91 degrees and was expected to achieve 95 degrees.</p>
<p>By Thursday morning, a significant slice of the marine layer may have returned, and by Friday it might be fully present, Behringer said, adding that its reemergence after a two-day absence will proceed as usual.</p>
<p>&#8220;If you&#39;re near the coast, you&#39;re really going to feel it,&#8221; he said, adding that Thursday could feel much like Monday, when temperatures rose to 30 to 35 degrees. On Friday, &#8220;it&#39;s still going to be a few degrees above normal, but significantly cooler than it&#39;s been this week. But on the coast, it&#39;s going to cool down by at least 10 degrees.&#8221;</p>
<p>In Oakland, highs of 27 degrees were expected for Wednesday, but only 20 degrees on Thursday. In San Francisco, meteorologists predicted highs of 25 degrees for Wednesday and 18 degrees for Thursday.</p>
<p><iframe src="https://embed.bloom.li/article/map?zoom=far&#038;post_key=7WO90i37xGx79CvBSw8y" title="Story map" style="display:block;border:none;visibility:visible;width:100% !important;height:300px;"></iframe>
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<p><em>image credit : www.mercurynews.com</em></p>
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		<title>In keeping with Peak XV, India offers a “very favorable” environment for firms to go public</title>
		<link>https://bloggingthree.soflytech.com/2024/05/in-keeping-with-peak-xv-india-offers-a-very-favorable-environment-for-firms-to-go-public/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[enzo2go]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 May 2024 01:55:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[companies]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[India offers a &#8220;very favorable&#8221; environment for firms to launch IPOs, said Shailendra Singh, managing director at Peak XV Partners, formerly Sequoia Capital India &#038; Southeast Asia. &#8220;My general opinion is that the regulatory framework, particularly in the public markets of India, what the Securities and Exchange Board of India is doing, what the Reserve [&#8230;]]]></description>
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<p>India offers a &#8220;very favorable&#8221; environment for firms to launch IPOs, said Shailendra Singh, managing director at Peak XV Partners, formerly Sequoia Capital India &#038; Southeast Asia.</p>
<p>&#8220;My general opinion is that the regulatory framework, particularly in the public markets of India, what the Securities and Exchange Board of India is doing, what the Reserve Bank of India is doing, what other regulators are doing, is actually really good,&#8221; Singh said told CNBC&#39;s Tanvir Gill.</p>
<p>Singh, who has been with the VC firm for 18 years and has headed it since 2011, said India has created &#8220;a very conducive environment&#8221; for firms to go public.  “In India, it is both safe and dynamic for a young company to go public.”</p>
<p>There were 220 IPOs in India last yr, 48% greater than in 2022, making India the world&#39;s second-largest IPO market, in line with a study <a href="https://assets.ey.com/content/dam/ey-sites/ey-com/en_gl/topics/ipo/ey-global-ipo-trends-2023-q4.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EY report</a>.  Although mainland China took the highest spot, the variety of IPOs there fell 29% to 302.</p>
<p>The Indian IPO market is <a href="https://www.ey.com/en_in/news/2024/02/indian-stock-exchanges-rank-first-in-the-world-in-terms-of-the-number-of-ipo-in-2023" target="_blank" rel="noopener">will remain strong in 2024</a>buoyed by optimistic investor sentiment, a strong economy and expectations of lower inflation and rate of interest cuts, EY said.</p>
<p>“The Indian capital markets have evolved significantly.  Markets have deepened in terms of liquidity.  There&#39;s a lot of interest in technology companies because &#8230; we&#39;re starting to see a large number of companies with triple-digit million revenues,&#8221; Singh said.</p>
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<p>India is emerging as a bright spot amid global macroeconomic uncertainty, driven largely by optimism about the country&#39;s robust economic fundamentals. <a href="https://assets.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/in/pdf/2024/04/ipos-in-india.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">KPMG said last month</a> in its report “IPOs in India”.</p>
<p>On why some Indian firms prefer to list locally, Singh said, &#8220;Founders realize that US markets may not all the time understand Indian firms.&#8221;</p>
<p>As many as 20 companies, including Zomato and Mamaearth in Peak XV&#39;s portfolio, have listed through IPOs, the company said.  Peak XV Partners, one of Asia&#39;s largest technology investors, has $9 billion in assets under management.</p>
<p>In June, Sequoia split its global partnership into three independent entities, namely Sequoia Capital in the US and Europe, Peak XV Partners in India and Southeast Asia, and HongShan in China.</p>
<p>The venture capital firm has invested in more than 400 technology, software, financial services and consumer companies, including Indian fintech firm Pine Labs, Indonesian coffee chain Kopi Kenangan, Singapore-based online marketplace Carousell and edtech companies Byju&#39;s and Unacademy.</p>
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<h2 class="ArticleBody-subtitle"><a id="headline0"></a>Favorite sectors in India</h2>
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<p>India has several &#8220;pretty exciting&#8221; investment areas, Singh said, citing cross-border software, fintech and consumer as the company&#39;s biggest investment sectors.</p>
<p>Cross-border software is a key area that Peak XV is betting on, given the potential for India to build software companies for the world, he said.</p>
<p>&#8220;Our second-&#8220;[biggest] The sector tends to be fintech.  We are a very strong fintech investor.  I think India is one of the most fertile markets in the world because of Aadhaar, UPI and the India stack.”</p>
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<p>In the consumer-facing sector, he cited consumer brands, education technology and healthcare as the company&#39;s investment priorities.</p>
<p>“In the long term, we will build a lot of good education companies,” Singh said, as consumers in countries like India and China understand that the path to upward social mobility is through education.</p>
<p>There are also emerging areas such as deep tech and semiconductors that are interesting, even if they are still in their infancy, he said.  &#8220;We are [just] I start making bets.</p>
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